´¼°ù¬ü¤H¿Ñ¹Ü¦¿¤s ²Ä¤Q¤C³¹ °ª¤s¬y¤ô¡]4¡^

§@ªÌ ¡J ±m¦âªº­µ²Å

²Ä¤Q¤C³¹°ª¤s¬y¤ô¡]4¡^

°Z¦³¦¹²zªüÆFªüº¸¤]¤Ó¨g¤F¡A«ùµÛ¦³¤Q§Ì¡B¤K§Ì¨º®y¾a¤s¡A³º´±¦p¦¹ÂƵø¥»¨©°Ç¡A¯u¤D¬¡¿°¤F¡A¤é«á­YÅý§^¶eµÛ¾÷¹J¡A©w¥Oº¸¥Ã¤£Â½¨­¡F­N¯§¤£¥Ñ±oÂù¬Ü¤@¾î¡A­ì¥»»´¼¾¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤ó¦Ù½§ªºÂù¤â¡AÀH¤ß±¡¤£¦Û¸T¨Ï«l¦a¬½Õt°_¤F¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤óªº¦Ù½§¡C

¡u°Ú¡I¡v¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤ó¦YÅå¦a¦y¥s°_¨Ó¡Aµh±o¨­¤l¤@°}µoŸ¡A¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤óÂù¬Ü¤@ÂÙ¡AÂù¤â¦]¯kµh¦Ó¶¶¶Õ¦A¦¸ºò©ê¦í­N¯§ªº¸y»Ú¡A¦¹®Éªº¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤ó­þ¨½ª¾¹D­N¯§¦]´o«ã¦Ó®¡·N­h¤§¡C

­N¯§¤@§v¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤ó¨º¦]¯kµh¦Ó¦y¥sªºÁn­µ¡A¹y®É½w¦^¤F¯«¡AÀH§Y­N¯§¬G§@¤@°Æ§t±¡¯ß¯ßªº¼Ò¤l¡A¥ÎÂù¤â»´¬X¦a¼º¼·°_¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤óªº¦Ù½§¡A­N¯§°²·N¦a°ï°_¬X¬Xªº¯ºÃC¡A¬G§@·Å°û¦a»¡¹D¡J¡u§^ªºÄ_¨©¡Aº¸¨­¤lªº¦×¯u¤k±Õ¡A·S±o·Ý§^±¡¤£¦Û¸T¦a­nÕt¤W¤@¤U¡A§^ªºÄ_¨©¡Aº¸³o¶psu°©¤@¥s¡A¤Ä±o·Ý§^¨­¤lÄoÄoªº¡A©ÇÅý·Ý§^¨­¤ßµÎ©Zºw¡I¡v

¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤ó¤@§v¡A­þª¾­N¯§ªºÃa¤ô·N¹Ï¡J³ºµM¤C·Ý¬Æ³ß¦¹Á|¡A¨º¦Û­Ó´N±o§ÔµÛÂI¡AÅý¤C·Ý¤ß¥Ì±¡Ä@»P¦Û­Ó¨Ó¤@µf³½¤ô¤§Åw¡A¦nÅý¤C·Ý¥O¦Û­ÓÃh¤W¤l¶à¡A¦Û­Ó¤é«á¤è¥i¥À¾Ì¤l¶Q¡A¦Ñ¨Ó¦³­Ó¨Ì¾a¡F¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤ó¥Õ¿°ªº¥Ê¤lÁy¨à¶Vµo¬õÆA¤F¡A¿h¦V­N¯§ªº²¶¥ú¶Vµo§t±¡¯ß¯ß°_¨Ó¡A¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤ó¥Î¤SÁ¡¤S¤pªº¤p¼L¿Ë¤F¿Ë­N¯§ªº¯Ý½£¡AÅaÁn¿P»y¦a»¡¹D¡J¡u¤C·Ýº¸³ß´N¦n¡AÕt§a¡I©c¨­ªº¨­¤l¬Æ¼Ö·Nµ¹¤C·Ýº¸Õt¡C¡v

µ¹¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤ó¦¹¯ë¤@ÅÛ´b¡A­N¯§¿³¾Ä¤F°_¨Ó¡AÂù¬Ü¤@´­¡A¬½¬½¦aÕt°_¤F¹ÞºÖ®Ê¯Ç³â¤ó¦Ù½§¡A­N¯§¾²¸Þ¯µ¯ºÃC¡A¬G§@±¡²`¯F¯F·Å¬X¦a»¡¹D¡J¡u§^ªºÄ_¨©¨à¡Aº¸¯u¼¦¼§§^ªº¤ß¡A·Ý§^¨Ó¤F¡C¡v

ªì®Lªº¤Ñ¹õ®É±`ÅÜ°_Áy¡A®É¦Ó¤@¯º¡Aź¶§¦ü¤õ¡A´¸ªÅ¸U¨½¡F®É¦Ó¤@«ã¡A¹p¾^¤jµo¡A¯Q¶³±K¥¬¡A¹q°{¹p»ï¡A¨g­·«ã§q¡A®É¦Ó¤@­ú¡A¶É¬Ö¤j«B¡A¤@Âm¦Ó¤U¡F¾ã­Ó¨Ê«°­è¸g¾ú§¹¤@°}ÃtÃt¤j«B¡Aµµ¸T«°·¶¼y®cªá¶é¨½ªºÁ¥Á¨¡A´N´²µo¥X°}°}ªº·t­»¡A·S¨Ó¤F²³¦h¸Á½ºªº²²ÅÊ¡C

¥É¾ðÁ{­·ªº·R·sıù-®üµ½{·R·sıù-®üµ½¬O·R·sıù-±`¹ç²Ä¤T¤l¡A±dº³¤Q¤­¦~¤þ¨°¥|¤ë¤G¤Q¤T¤é¥è®É¥Í¡A±dº³¤T¤Q¥|¦~¡]¤½¤¸1695¦~¡^«Ê©^®¦±N­x¡A±dº³¥|¤Q¤G¦~¡]¤½¤¸1703¦~¡^ŧ¨©°Ç¡F·R·sıù-±`¹ç¡]1657-1703¡^²M¥@¯ª¶¶ªv«Ò²Ä¤­¤l¡A¥Í¤_¶¶ªv¤Q¥|¦~¡]1657¦~¡^¤Q¤@¤ëªì¥|¤é¥Ó®É¥Í¡A¥À±f¦m³¯¤ó¡C±dº³¤Q¦~¡]1671¦~¡^«Ê¬°©MºÓ®¥¿Ë¤ý¡C±dº³¤G¤Q¤E¦~¡]1690¦~¡^¡A¦b±dº³¿Ë©º¾¿º¸¤¦ªº¾Ôª§¤¤¡A¥ô¦w¥_¤j±N­x¡A²v»â¥kÁl­x¥X©º¡C}­è¤U¤F¦­´Â¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½«K«æ«æ©b¨ì·¶¼y®c¡A±ý©À·Q¥h¦w¼¾¤@¤U¬Ó¤Ó¤l­NËr¡A¶¶¹D±N¤µ­Ó©Ò¨£©Ò»D´Â°óÂê¨Æ¤@¤@¸[³ø­NËr¡A±ý­É¦¹°Q±o­NËrÅw¤ß¡A¹Ï¤é«á­NËrµn¤W¬Ó¦ì«á¡A­NËr¯à©À·Q¨ì¦Û­Ó¤µ­Óªº©¾¤ß¤Î®ï¶Ô¡Aµ¹¦Û­Ó¤@­Ó¦n«eµ{¡C

·R·sıù-®üµ½º¡ÃhµÛ³ß·N¦a©b¨ì¤F·¶¼y®c¦è¦¸¶¡ªºÂîÑÂN¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½¤@¸ó¶iªùÂe¡A´N¨£­NËr¥¿¼C¬Ü«ã½Ý¦a¥µ¯{ÂîÑÂN¨½ªºªF¦è¡A¥£¤~¡B¥£±A³Q©H½|±o¾ã­Ó¨­¤l¬Òµo°_¤FŸ¡A­Ó­Ó¬ÒÁx¾Ô¤ßÅå¦a¸÷­w¦b¦a­±¤W¡A¥ô¾Ì­NËr±N¾¥µx¡Bµ§µ¥ª««~¯{¨ì¥ì¦Û­Óªº¨­¤W¡A¥£¤~¡B¥£±A­Ó­Ó±j§Ô¯kµh¡Aµ·²@¤£´±°Ê®¿¤@¤l¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½âäµÛ¦¹±¡§Î¡A·t·t¦a÷ݤF÷ݴªA¡A­Y¦³©Ò«ä¦aÂù¬Ü¤@ÂÙ¡J¦¹®É¡A¦Û­Ó­Y±N¤µ­Ó¤@¤U¦­´Â¡A¬Ó¤W¯d¤U­NçÉ¡B­N¬ç¡B­NæСB­N¸R¡B­N¯§¡B­N¡B­N¡B­NÈí§Ú¡B­NÞö¡B­N°Ó°Qµ{¼ü¼ü©h®Q±B¶ù¤§¨Æ¸[³ø¤Ó¤l¡A®£©È¦b¦¹¨Í­Ôªº¥£¤~¡B¥£±A¤S·|ºG¾D¤Ó¤l¸vµL§Ò¼ªªº¤@µf­h¥´­h½|¡F½}¤F¡A¥£¤~´N¤D¥£¤~¡A¥£±A´N¤D¥£±A¡A¬Ò¤D®c¤¤¥D¤lªº¥X®ðµ©¡A­n©Ç´N©Çº¸µ¥¦¹¨Ç¥£¤~¡B¥£±A¥X¥Í¤£¦n¤F¡A¤@°Æ½â¥£¤~½â¥£±Aªº©R¡F¬°¤FÅý­NËr¨­¤ß´r®®¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½Áy¤W°ï°_¤F¯ºÃC¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½´­°_Âù¬Ü´Â­NËr¨«¤F¹L¥h¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½¬G§@´o´o¦a½ð¶}êµÛ¦Û­Ó¸}¤Uªº¯}¸Hª«¡A¨Ë¸Ë±l±l¦³Â§¦a¥ÎÂù¤â¼º°_´ÂªAªº¤@¨¤¡A·q¦a´Â­NËr¦æ¤F­Ó§¡A®U®U¦a»¡¹D¡J¡u¤Ó¤l·Ý¦N²»¡I¡v

¤@§v¨ì·R·sıù-®üµ½ªºÁn­µ¡A­NËr«K¤S¦A¦¸´o·Ð½w½w¦a©ï°_¤FÀY¡J½â°©ÀY¡A¤S¨Ó­Ó°¨§¾ºë¡F­NËr¾î°_Âù¬Ü¡A¥Î±´¨sªº²¶ºË¤F¤@¤U·R·sıù-®üµ½¡AÀH§YÂà¹L¨­¤l¡A­NËrº©¤£¸g¤ß¦a®³°_®Ñ¬[¤Wªº¤@¥»®Ñ¡A¤ß¤£¦b²j¦a­J¶Ã½¾\°_¨Ó¡A­NËr¿hµÛ®Ñ¡A¹ï¯¸¦b®Ñ®×¥x¤U¦Û­Ó¨­«áªº·R·sıù-®üµ½«Ü¤£­@·Ð©F©F¦a°Ý¹D¡J¡u§K§¡Aº¸¦³Ô£¨Æ¡Hª½¨¥¡I¡H¡v

·R·sıù-®üµ½¨£­NËr¦p¦¹»Àµø¦Û­Ó¡A¤ß¦yÁö¦³¤£§Ö¡A¦ý¤@«ä¨ì¤é«á¨ººØ¦n«eµ{ªº®t¨Æ¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½Áy¦âÀþ§Y¤S´_¦^¤F³ß¦â¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½´_¥ß¨­¤l¡A¬G§@Àu¶®¦a¥Î¥k¤â©Ø¤F©Ø´ÂªA¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½¥Î±´¨sªº²¶¿h°_­NËrªº­I³¡¡A®U®U¦a»¡¹D¡J¡uÁ¤Ӥl·Ý¡F¤Ó¤l·Ý¡A¤µ­Ó¦­´Â¡A´Â°ó¤W­Ë¬OµLÔ£­nºòªº¨Æ¡A¥u¤D¦­´Â«á¡A¬Ó¤W±N¤jªü­ô¡B¤Tªü­ô¡B¥|ªü­ô¡B¤­ªü­ô¡B¤Cªü­ô¡B¤Kªü­ô¡B¤Eªü­ô¡B¤Qªü­ô¡B¤Q¤Gªü­ô¡B¤Q¥|ªü­ô¯d¤U¡A°_ªì¬Ó¤W¤]©À·Q­n§^¯d¤Uªº¡A»¡¤D©À·Q§v§v§^¹ïµ{¼ü¼ü©h®Q±B¶ù¤§¨Æªº¨£¸Ñ¡A¤£¤F§^âäµÛ¤Ó¤l·Ýªº²³¦h¦ì¥S§Ì²¶¥ú»á¦³¹½´c§^¤§·N¡A§^´N¤£´±¶T¶TµM¥h´ê¨º­Ó¼ö¾x¡A¥u¦n±À¤ë§I»¡©²¤¤¦³¨Æ¥ý¦æÂ÷¥h¡F§^¤@Â÷°®²M®c¡A«K³t³t¨Ó¦¹±N¦¹¨Æ§iª¾¤Ó¤l·Ýº¸¡C¡v

·R·sıù-®üµ½¤£»¡ÁÙ¦n¡A¤@»¡¨ì¦³Ãöµ{¼ü¼ü±B¶ù¤§¨Æ¡A­NËrªºÀY°Ú¡I¤ß¦y°Ú¡I¨ºªÑ¤õ¤@­Ó«l¦a¥|³B¶Ã¨R¡J¦Û­Ó¥»¤D³Ì¦³¾÷¹J¨D±o¬Óªüº¿¬°¦Û­Ó»P¼ü¨à½ç±Bºw¡I¤£¤F¦]¬Óªüº¿´o«ã¯ÁÃB¹Ïµ¥¤H¦ÚÅv¶Õ¤O¹L¤j¡A¦Ó°ß®£¦M¤Î·R·sıùªº¤j²M¦¿¤s¡A§^¬Óªüº¿¤è¶X¦¿«n¬ì³õ»R¹ú®×¤§¾÷¡A¥H¡uij½×°ê¨Æ¡Aµ²jieÄÒ¦k¦æ¡v¤§¸o±N¯ÁÃB¹Ïµ¥¤H¥}¸T¡A¬Óªüº¿¶¶¹D¤]±N¦Û­Ó¸T¨¬¦b·¶¼y®c·µ¤º³¬ªù«ä¹L´X¤é¡A­n§^¦Û­Ó¦n¦n¤Ï¬Ù¤Ï¬Ù¡F³o¤U¥i¦n¡A´N¦]¦¹¨Æ¡A¥O¥»¤Ó¤l§^¤µ­Ó´N³à¥¢ªï°ù¼ü¼ü¬°±f¤Ó¤l¦m¤§¾÷¡F³o­Ó²ÂÆj¤l®üµ½¥»¥i¶Xchen¾÷·í¦Û­Óªº¬Óªüº¿Áy­±¡A¬°¦Û­Ó»P¼ü¨àªº±B¨Æ¬ü¨¥¤@µf¡A§U¦Û­Ó°ù¤W¼ü¨à¬°±f¤Ó¤l¦mºw¡I¥BÁÙ¥i¬°¦Û­Ó±´§v±´§v¦Û­Óªº¨º¨Ç¥S§Ì¹ï¼ü¨à©À·Qªº¨¥Á|ºw¡K¡K­NËr¤@«ä¨ì¦¹¡A¥[¤§·R·sıù-®üµ½¦¹¯ë²Â©å¦a°Q¦n¦Û­Óªº¨ºªÑ«l®ï¶Ô¡A­NËr«äµÛâäµÛ´N§ó¥[¤õ¤j¤F¡A­NËr´o¤õ²r¦a±N¤â¤¤ªº®Ñ¤@¦X¡AÀþ¶¡Âà¹L¨­¤l¡A­NËr´o«ã¦a¶¶¤â±N¤â¤¤ªº®Ñ©¹·R·sıù-®üµ½¨­¤W¥µ¯{¤F¹L¥h¡AÀH¶Õ­NËrÂù¤â÷Ý°_®±ÀY¡AÂù¬Ü¤@¾î¡A­NËr¥Îº¡¬O¹½´cªº²¶¥úª½¡@µÛ·R·sıù-®üµ½¡A©F©F¦a¨þ¥¸¹D¡J¡u¨S¥Îªº¼oª«¡I¦³º¸³o¯ë§bÀYÆ`¿ì®t¨Æªº¨o¡I¡H§^ªº¨º¨Ç¥S§Ì­þ­Ó¤£ª¾º¸¤D§^ªºÖß±ì¤l¡]¯S°È¡^¡A§^¬Óªüº¿­nº¸¯d¤U¡Aº¸´N¯d¤U¡A¦³¥»¤Ó¤l§^¬°º¸¼µµÛ¡Aº¸©È­Ó³¾¨o¡I¡H¡v

·R·sıù-®üµ½³Q­NËr³o¯ë¤j«ã¦a¥µ¯{¤Î¨þ¥¸¡A¹y®ÉÀ~±o´h¦í¤F¥b®Î¡A¯{¶Ë¦b¨­¤l¤Wªº¯kµh¥O·R·sıù-®üµ½½w¦^¯«´¼¡J³o©Q¦^¨Æ¡I¡HÃø¹D¦Û­Ó¤S°µ¿ù¤F¡I¡H·R·sıù-®üµ½ÅåÀb¦aÂù»L¤@©}¡AÂù¤â©¹¦a­±¤WŸŸ¤@¼µ¡A¦A¦¸´Â­NËr­w¸÷¤U¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½ÅåÀ~±o¤£´±©ï°_²¶¤l¡A¶Ì¶Ì¦aª½¡@µÛ¦a­±¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½¥ÎµoŸªºÁn­µ»yµL­Û¦¸¦a»¡¹D¡J¡u¤Ó¡K¡K¤Ó¤l·Ý¡Aº¸¡K¡Kº¸²ö®ð¡I²ö®ð¡I²ö®ð¶Ë¤F¨­¤l¡I¦Ú¥i¾á·í¤£°_¡A¤Ó¤l·Ýº¸¥i¤D­nµn¤W¬Ó¦ì¤§¤H¡A­Y®ð¶Ë¤F¨­¤l¡A³o¤j²M¤Ñ¤U¸Ó©Q¿ì°Ú¡I¡H¦Ú³o´N¦^°®²M®c¡A±´§v¥h¡C¡v

¡uº¸³oÀY²ÂÆj¡I®ð¦º¥»¤Ó¤l¤]¡Aº¸ÁÙ©À·Q¥h°®²M®cµ¹¥»¤Ó¤l²K°ô°Ú¡I¡v­NËr¤j«ã¦a§qµÛ¡A«K´o¤õ¦a±q®×¥x³B¯e©b¨ì·R·sıù-®üµ½ªº¨­«e¡A­NËrÂù¬Ü¤@¾î¡A¼É«ã¦a©ï°_¥k¸}¡A¬½¬½¦a©¹·R·sıù-®üµ½ªº¨­¤l¤W¿å¤F´X¸}¡C

·R·sıù-®üµ½³Q­NËr¦¹¯ë²±«ã¦a¨þ¥¸¡A¥[¤§­NËrªº¤@µf¸}¿å¡A¹y®É¤HÀ~±o§ó¥[¶Ì´h¤F¡A·R·sıù-®üµ½¤£ª¾©Ò±¹¦a¥ô¾Ì­NËr¿å­Ë¤F¡AÀþ§Y´_¥ß°_¨­¡A´_¥ß°_¨­«á¤S³Q­NËr¿å­Ë¡A´N³o¯ë·R·sıù-®üµ½¤Ï¤Ï´_´_¦aÅý­NËr¿å­Óµh§Ö¡AÅý­NËrªn¤F¤ßÀY¤W¬¤¬¤¯F¯Fªº«ã¤õ¡C

»P¦¹¦P®É¦b°®²M®cªºªF·x»Õ¨½¡A±dº³¥¿»P­NçÉ¡B­N¬ç¡B­NæСB­N¸R¡B­N¯§¡B­N¡B­N¡B­NÈí§Ú¡B­NÞö¡B­N¡Bµ{¼ü¼üij±B¶ù¤§¨Æ¡C

¡u¬Óªüº¿¸UºÖª÷¦w¡I¡]¬Ó¤W¸UºÖª÷¦w¡I¡^¡v²³¦h¦ìªü­ô¤Îµ{¼ü¼ü­Ó­Ó´Â±dº³¦æ°_§¡A»ô»ô©I¹D¡C

±dº³¤@¥»¥¿¸g¦a§¤¦b®×¥x³B¡AªOµÛ­Ó«Â»þ»þªºÁyÃe¡A¥Î±´¨sªº²¶¥ú»á¬°µR§Q¦a¡@µÛ¸÷¦b®×¥x¤Uªº²³¦h¦ìªü­ô¤Îµ{¼ü¼ü¡A±dº³¨Ë¸Ëº©¤£¸g¤ß¦a¥k¤â«h«ùµÛ«µ§é¡A½¨ÓÂÐ¥h¦a¦b®×¥x¤WÂ\§Ë­Ó¤£°±¡A¥u¨£±dº³­Y¦³©Ò«ä¦a¤@±ÒÂù®B¡AºC±ø´µ²z¦a»¡¹D¡J¡u§K§¡I¡v

¡]§Ö±¶Áä ¡ö¡^¤W¤@³¹   ¥»®Ñ¥Ø¿ý   ¤U¤@³¹¡]§Ö±¶Áä ¡÷¡^
´¼°ù¬ü¤H¿Ñ¹Ü¦¿¤s³Ì·s³¹¸` | ´¼°ù¬ü¤H¿Ñ¹Ü¦¿¤s¥þ¤å¾\Ū | ´¼°ù¬ü¤H¿Ñ¹Ü¦¿¤s¥þ¶°¾\Ū